Literally translated, microtia means small ear, and though parents may be initially worried when a baby is born with the condition, it is important to know that it is likely that only the outside of the ear is an issue.
Most times in unilateral cases, the child can hear and will grow to compensate for the lack of hearing on the effected side. For a child whose condition is not related to other conditions such as Hemifacial Microsomia or Treacher Collins syndrome, parents need only to follow a few simple recommendations to secure normal development for their child.As with all infants, newborn hearing screenings are important within the first few days of life. Screenings are always given to newborns within days of birth, though often the results are normal and with all the bustle of new life, parents forget that the test was even administered. However, knowing the results of the newborn hearing screening is vital information for future medical appointments, and it is likely that the results of a screening for a baby who has microtia will be candidly relayed to the parents rather than just shuffled into newborn records. Though it would seem that no hearing could occur from a closed ear, only a forty percent or less reduction is likely in most cases. The most important bit of information a parent can have at this point is the results of the newborn hearing test. They will be asked for repeatedly.
Secondly, it is vital for parents to be assured that nothing could have been done to prevent the underdeveloped ear. As of yet, the cause is not known. The development of what will become the outer structure of the ear begins around seven weeks gestation, and even if the condition could be detected, there is no treatment. Microtia is not degenerative. Reconstructive surgery can be completed at a later time in adolescence to improve the appearance, but during infancy and toddlerhood, it is best to focus on language acquisition and maintained hearing in the non-effected ear.
Upon hospital discharge, the attending pediatrician should put in place a few medical and specialty referrals. Forming an early relationship with an intervention specialist, a service that is usually provided through a free state program regardless of income, will be vital in tracking the babys progress. This professional will make sure that if hearing begins to be an issue that it will be addressed promptly and adequately. An early visit with an otolaryngologist, commonly known as an ENT, and routine visits thereafter are suggested. Around twelve months of age, a speech evaluation will be necessary to determine the effect of the microtia on hearing and therefore language progress.
Children who have the condition will progress well in school and in life if hearing is maintained; even periods of hearing loss will affect language acquisition and articulation, but a close relationship with the interventionist, the ENT, and the pediatrician will prove imperative in making determinations that will be best for the child.
Comments